Some brief arguments from history, to use to identify some logical skills to help us better address issues in the present. These three arguments (or kinds of claims) were made and much debated. In some parts of the world, they still are:

About women: “It’s wrong to allow women to get a higher education because women are very emotional beings and this makes reasoning and abstract thought quite difficult for them.”

About slavery: Slave-holder says: “Slavery is morally right because we benefit greatly from these slaves!”

About animals: “Since animals are not rational, it’s morally ok to raise them to be eaten.”